Gout is a type of arthritis characterized by sudden attacks of severe pain, redness, and swelling in the joints, often affecting the big toe. This article will examine what causes gout, how to manage it, and ways to prevent future flare-ups.
What is Gout?
Gout results from the buildup of uric acid in the bloodstream. When the concentration of uric acid becomes too high, it forms sharp crystals in the joints, triggering intense pain.
Causes and Risk Factors
Diet high in purines: Foods like red meat, shellfish, and alcohol raise uric acid levels.
Obesity: Excess weight increases the body’s production of uric acid.
Medical conditions: Hypertension, diabetes, and kidney disease can contribute to gout.
Symptoms
Sudden, severe joint pain (often in the big toe)
Redness, swelling, and warmth around the affected joint
Limited joint mobility during an attack
Prevention and Treatment
Medications: Colchicine and NSAIDs to relieve acute attacks; allopurinol to prevent future ones.
Hydration: Drinking plenty of water helps flush uric acid from the system.
Dietary changes: Reducing alcohol and purine-rich foods.
Exercise and weight management to control uric acid levels.
Managing gout involves a combination of medication, lifestyle changes, and preventive measures to avoid recurring episodes.